Vehicle Information
Year: 2018
Make: Hyundai
Model: Ioniq
Mileage: 32,000
Body Color:
Vin: KMHC65LC0JU062227
Stock#: 23033
Seller Information
AA Auto Parts
North Little Rock, AR 72117
(501)835-5209
Fax:(501)835-5209
jason@aaforeign.com

Recycled Parts from Stock Number: 23033

Quick Filter:
Image Price Part Condition Repair Hrs. Placement Position Yard Location#
  •   $  134.00

AC Compressor
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  175.00

AC Evaporator
Comments:32,743 WITH BOX Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 WITH BOX
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  144.00

Air Bag
Comments:driver, roof Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: driver, roof
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1
  •   $  123.00

Air Bag
Comments:passenger, dash, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: passenger, dash, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1
  •   $  200.00

Air Bag
Comments:driver, seat Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: driver, seat
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  75.00

Antenna
Comments:BLACK EXT Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: BLACK EXT
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  126.00

Anti-Lock Brake Parts
Comments:(pressure source unit) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (pressure source unit) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  96.00

Axle Shaft
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,748 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,748 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  99.00

Axle Shaft
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH 32,748 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH 32,748 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  549.00

Battery
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV)32,743 MILES - COULD NOT TEST SOLD AS IS Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV)32,743 MILES - COULD NOT TEST SOLD AS IS
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  70.00

Blower Motor
Comments:dash mounted 32,743 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: dash mounted 32,743
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  80.00

Blower Motor
Comments:hybrid battery mounted, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: hybrid battery mounted, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  75.00

Caliper
Comments:front, LH 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: front, LH 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1
  •   $  75.00

Caliper
Comments:rear, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: rear, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1
  •   $  75.00

Caliper
Comments:rear, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: rear, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1
  •   $  75.00

Caliper
Comments:front, RH 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: front, RH 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1
  •   $  150.00

Camera Projector
Comments:windshield mounted (camera), w/o automatic braking Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: windshield mounted (camera), w/o automatic braking
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  100.00

Chassis Cont Mod
Comments:MOBIS G2563-99500 TESTED Str, (motor drvn pwr strg controller, on col), ID 56340G7000 (electric) Actual year:2018 Miles:35,000
Stock # 23033 Location: BR9S3 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: MOBIS G2563-99500 TESTED Str, (motor drvn pwr strg controller, on col), ID 56340G7000 (electric)
A Grade 0.00 BR9S3
  •   $  124.00

Chassis Cont Mod
Comments:OEM: 95400G2760 Body Control (BCM), US market, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), keyless ignition (Smart Key), Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: OEM: 95400G2760 Body Control (BCM), US market, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), keyless ignition (Smart Key),
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  113.00

Chassis Cont Mod
Comments:95441-2BAH1 Transmission, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), (transmission control, under hood), Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 95441-2BAH1 Transmission, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), (transmission control, under hood),
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  74.00

Column Switch
Comments:w/o daytime running lamps 32,743 miles Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: w/o daytime running lamps 32,743 miles
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  99.00

Console, Front
Comments:CONSOLE LID 32,743 MILES floor, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), w/o rear vent,TAN INT,YGE Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: CONSOLE LID 32,743 MILES floor, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), w/o rear vent,TAN INT,YGE
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  70.00

Console, Front
Comments:roof, w/o sunroof,TAN INT,YGE 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: roof, w/o sunroof,TAN INT,YGE 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  549.00

Converter/Inverter/Charger
Comments:electric power control unit (on top of battery charger, EPCU) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: electric power control unit (on top of battery charger, EPCU) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  244.00

Dash Panel
Comments:w/o center speaker,TAN INT,YGE 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: w/o center speaker,TAN INT,YGE 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  1,099.00

Decklid Tailgate
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), incandescent lamps,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 nice complete , see RCP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), incandescent lamps,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 nice complete , see RCP
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  594.00

Door Assembly, Front
Comments:w/o body side moulding; w/o automatic up and down; RH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 NICE Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: w/o body side moulding; w/o automatic up and down; RH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 NICE
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  495.00

Door Assembly, Rear Side
Comments:w/o body side moulding; RH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 NICE Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: w/o body side moulding; RH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 NICE
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1
  •   $  118.00

Engine/Motor Control Module
Comments:Ident: 3911003HM2 Electronic Control Module, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: Ident: 3911003HM2 Electronic Control Module, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  2,475.00

Engine Assembly
Comments:(1.6L), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), gasoline 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (1.6L), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), gasoline 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  440.00

Engine Assembly
Comments:(1.6L), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), electric 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (1.6L), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), electric 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  275.00

Flywheel/Flex Plate
Comments:(hybrid) 23,743 miles Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (hybrid) 23,743 miles
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  65.00

Front Door Switch
Comments:(drivers), master, w/o memory; driver only automatic up and down 32,743 miles Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (drivers), master, w/o memory; driver only automatic up and down 32,743 miles
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1
  •   $  124.00

Fuel Pump
Comments:pump assembly (tank mounted), VIN C (8th digit, HEV)32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: pump assembly (tank mounted), VIN C (8th digit, HEV)32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  150.00

Fuel Tank
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  150.00

Fuel Vapor Canister
Comments:32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  150.00

Fuse Box, Cabin
Comments:32,743 MILES AT BLUE HYBRID Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES AT BLUE HYBRID
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  75.00

GAS PEDAL
Comments:32,743 MILES HYBIRD MODEL BLUE Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES HYBIRD MODEL BLUE
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  440.00

Heater Core/Element
Comments:electric heated (VIN H, 8th digit, electric) 32,743 MILES SOLD WITH COMPLETE BOX/HOUSING Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: electric heated (VIN H, 8th digit, electric) 32,743 MILES SOLD WITH COMPLETE BOX/HOUSING
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  60.00

Ignition Switch
Comments:keyless ignition, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: keyless ignition, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  125.00

Independent Rear Suspenssion Assembly
Comments:(without crossmember), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,743 miles Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (without crossmember), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,743 miles
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1
  •   $  329.00

Knee, Front
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,748 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH 32,748 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  329.00

Knee, Front
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH 32,748 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH 32,748 MILES
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  330.00

Muffler
Comments:32,743 MILES SEE RCP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES SEE RCP
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  45.00

Owners Manual
Comments: Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  225.00

Power Brake Booster
Comments:32,743 MILES VIN C (8th digit, HEV), w/o automatic braking Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES VIN C (8th digit, HEV), w/o automatic braking
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  605.00

Quarter Panel Assembly
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 nice, see RCP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), LH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 nice, see RCP
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  605.00

Quarter Panel Assembly
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 nice , see RCP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), RH,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 nice , see RCP
A Grade 0.00 Right RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  124.00

Radio Audio
Comments:32,000 MILES NICE display and rcver, US market, w/o navigation; VIN C (8th digit, HEV), ID 96160 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: BR12S3 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,000 MILES NICE display and rcver, US market, w/o navigation; VIN C (8th digit, HEV), ID 96160
A Grade 0.00 BR12S3

Click For More Images
  •   $  3,025.00

Rear Clip
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), sunroof (LED lamps), w/o park assist,BLACK EXT,NKA NICE COMPLETE 32,743 mil Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), sunroof (LED lamps), w/o park assist,BLACK EXT,NKA NICE COMPLETE 32,743 mil
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  175.00

Rocker Panel Moulding
Comments:LH,BLACK EXT,NKA Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: LH,BLACK EXT,NKA
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  190.00

Rocker Panel Moulding
Comments:RH,BLACK EXT,NKA Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: RH,BLACK EXT,NKA
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  660.00

Roof Assembly
Comments:w/o sunroof,BLACK EXT,NKA,000 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: w/o sunroof,BLACK EXT,NKA,000
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  128.00

Side View Mirror
Comments:(power), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), non-heated, LH,BLACK EXT Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (power), VIN C (8th digit, HEV), non-heated, LH,BLACK EXT
A Grade 0.00 Left RAS1
  •   $  114.00

Speedo Head/Cluster
Comments:US market, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), 4.2 display 32,743 MILES 94013-G2650 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: BR203S2 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: US market, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), 4.2 display 32,743 MILES 94013-G2650
A Grade 0.00 BR203S2
  •   $  224.00

Steering Column
Comments:keyless ignition, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), w/o daytime running lamps 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: keyless ignition, VIN C (8th digit, HEV), w/o daytime running lamps 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  146.00

Steering Gear Rack
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  303.00

Suspension Crossm K-Frame
Comments:front, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: front, VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  75.00

Tail Lamp
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV), incandescent, quarter panel mounted, LH CHIP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: BR103S3 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV), incandescent, quarter panel mounted, LH CHIP
C Grade 0.00 Left BR103S3

Click For More Images
  •   $  75.00

Tail Lamp
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV),RH CHIP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: BR103S3 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV),RH CHIP
C Grade 0.00 Right BR103S3

Click For More Images
  •   $  100.00

Temperature Control
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 97250-G2070WMP Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: BR11S5 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 32,743 97250-G2070WMP
A Grade 0.00 BR11S5
  •   $  97.00

Throttle Body Assembly
Comments:(hybrid)32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (hybrid)32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  124.00

Transmission Shift Assembly
Comments:32,743 MILES HYBIRD MODEL BLUE Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES HYBIRD MODEL BLUE
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  989.00

Transmission,Transaxle
Comments:VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 03HA4 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: VIN C (8th digit, HEV) 03HA4
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  160.00

Wheel
Comments:(alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  160.00

Wheel
Comments:(alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  160.00

Wheel
Comments:(alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  160.00

Wheel
Comments:(alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: (alloy), 15x6, ID 52910G2000,000
A Grade 0.00 RAS1

Click For More Images
  •   $  110.00

Wheel Cover
Comments:CENTER CAP FLAKING BUT OVERALL NICE (15), ID 52960G2000,000 Actual year:2018 Miles:32,743
Stock # 23033 Location: AWALLSTAIR (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: CENTER CAP FLAKING BUT OVERALL NICE (15), ID 52960G2000,000
B Grade 0.00 AWALLSTAIR
  •   $  44.00

Wiper Arm
Comments: Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  44.00

Wiper Arm
Comments: Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  60.00

Wiper Motor, Windshield
Comments:32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
  •   $  60.00

Wiper Transmission
Comments:32,743 MILES Actual year:2018 Miles:32,000
Stock # 23033 Location: RAS1 (Click for Details)

Yard Notes: 32,743 MILES
A Grade 0.00 RAS1
Can't find what you are looking for? Try searching by one of these methods below.